Prof. Ir. Wahyu Srigutomo, S.Si., M.Si., Ph.D.

Guru Besar

Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
e-mail : wahyu[at]fi.itb.ac.id
Telepon: +62(22) [2500834] xt: 205
Faks: +62 (22) [2506452]

Pendidikan

Karier

Akademik

• Guru Besar (Professor) in Geo-electromagnetism at the Physics of the Earth and Complex Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia (since 2020).
• Lektor Kepala (Associate Professor) in electromagnetic methods at the Physics of the Earth and Complex Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia (2009-2020)
• Visiting Associate Professor, Institute for Geothermal Science, Kyoto University, Japan, Electromagnetic Modeling in Volcanic System (Oct 2005-Oct 2006)
• Asisten Ahli (Assistant Professor) Physics of the Earth and Complex Systems, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia (1997-2009)

Struktural

• Dean Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung (2020-2024)
• Director of Directorate of Facility and Infrastructure ITB (Feb 2015 – Feb 2020)
• Vice Director of Directorate of Facility and Infrastructure ITB (Dec 2012 – Feb 2015 )
• Head of Sub Directorate of Facility and Infrastructure ITB (Jul 2012 – Dec 2012)
• Manager of Community Empowerment Program FMIPA ITB ( 2011 – Dec. 2012)
• Executive Secretary of B Program, Physics Dept. ITB – DIKTI, 2005.
• Coordinator of Public Relation Team of FMIPA-ITB, 2007,2008, 2009, 2010

Bidang Penelitian

1. Pemodelan Elektromagnetik dan  inversi kebumian dan vulkanologi
2. Fisika Komputasi
3. Geofisika eksplorasi

Publikasi

1. Maswah, F., Suryantini, Srigutomo, W., Fajri, R.J., Pratama, A.B., Pratomo, P.M., Magnetotelluric Data Analysis Using Phase Tensor and Tipper Strike to Determine Geoelectrical Strike in “dKH” Geothermal Field (2021) IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 732 (1), art. no. 012014, DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/732/1/012014
2. Sari, L., Srigutomo, W., Adimayuda, R., Andriyani, D., Gumilar, S., Amalia, I.F., An analytical Generalized Reciprocal Method (GRM) for near-surface seismic refraction investigations (2021) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1869 (1), art. no. 012199, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1869/1/012199
3. Ashel, H., Taufik, A., Pratomo, P.M., Mawaddah, S., Srigutomo, W., Application of electrical resistivity method to analyze liquid waste pollution in Linggar Village, Rancaekek, West Java, Indonesia (2021) AIP Conference Proceedings, 2320, art. no. 040013, DOI: 10.1063/5.0037596
4. Ramayanti, S., Srigutomo, W., Djaja, I.G.P.F.S., Pratomo, P.M., Triastuty, H., Direction of magma migration in sinabung volcano based on February 2017 hypocenter distribution (2021) AIP Conference Proceedings, 2320, art. no. 040010, DOI: 10.1063/5.0037607
5. Sa’id, U., Heriyanto, M., Srigutomo, W., Comparison of Damped Least-Squares Inversion and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) on Magnetic Data (2021) AIP Conference Proceedings, 2320, art. no. 040011, DOI: 10.1063/5.0037675
6. Evita, M., Zakiyyatuddin, A., Srigutomo, W., Aminah, N.S., Meilano, I., Djamal, M., Photogrammetry using Intelligent-Battery UAV in Different Weather for Volcano Early Warning System Application (2021) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1772 (1), art. no. 012017, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1772/1/012017
7. Zakiyyatuddin, A., Evita, M., Srigutomo, W., Meilano, I., Djamal, M., Geospatial Survey Analysis for 3D Field and Building Mapping using DJI Drone and Intelligent Flight Battery (2021) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1772 (1), art. no. 012015, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1772/1/012015
8. Srigutomo, W., Djaja, I.G.P.F.S., Puspito, N.T., Synthetic Source Inversion Tests with the Damped Isochrone Inversion Approach (2021) Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami, 15 (1), art. no. 2150002, DOI: 10.1142/S1793431121500020
9. Evita, M., Zakiyyatuddin, A., Seno, S., Aminah, N.S., Srigutomo, W., Meilano, I., Setiawan, A., Darmawan, H., Suyanto, I., Irzaman, Yasin, M., Perdinan, Apsari, R., Wahyudi, Suryanto, W., Djamal, M., Development of volcano warning system for kelud volcano (2021) Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 53 (2), art. no. 210202, DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.2.2
10. Wahyudi, Setiawan, A., Putra, H., Darmawan, H., Suyanto, I., Meilano, I., Irzaman, Evita, M., Djamal, M., Yasin, M., Aminah, N.S., Perdinan, Apsari, R., Srigutomo, W., Suryanto, W., Topography changes and thermal distribution at the Kelud crater after the 2014 Plinian eruption (2021) Indonesian Journal of Geography, 52 (3), pp. 411-417. DOI: 10.22146/IJG.51986
11. Hapsoro, C.A., Srigutomo, W., Purqon, A., Warsa, W., Sutarno, D., Kagiyama, T., Global inversion of grounded electric source time-domain electromagnetic data using particle swarm optimization (2021) Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 53 (1), art. no. 210101, pp. 1-27. DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.1.1
12. Girsang, W., Sari, D.C.R., Srigutomo, W., Gondhowiardjo, T.D., Sasongko, M.B., Concept and application of relaxing radial retinectomy for retinal detachment with advanced proliferative vitreo-retinopathy (2020) International Journal of Retina and Vitreous, 6 (1), art. no. 46, DOI: 10.1186/s40942-020-00251
13. Agustine, E., Fitriani, D., Kirana, K.H., Ramdhan, F., Srigutomo, W., Analysis of changes in soil physical properties using electrical method as an indicator of pollution distribution in North Jakarta (2020) AIP Conference Proceedings, 2251, art. no. 030003, .DOI: 10.1063/5.0017183
14. Iryanti, M., Aminudin, A., Agustine, E., Bijaksana, S., Srigutomo, W., Setiawan, T., Identifying of peat soil layers using K-means cluster in the South Kalimantan, Indonesia (2020) Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 15 (4), pp. 2522-2531.
15. Olla, A., Abadi, P., Srigutomo, W., Investigation of the latitudinal occurrence rate of ionospheric plasma bubble in case of strong and weak pre-reversal enhancement in Southeast Asia (2020) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1523 (1), art. no. 012024, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1523/1/012024
16. Pranoto, S.C., Musafar, L.M., Singarimbun, A., Srigutomo, W., Pc5 ULF waves during the geomagnetic storms on 7-8 September 2017 observed in the Indonesian region (2020) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1523 (1), art. no. 012025, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1523/1/012025
17. Yasin, M., Apsari, R., Ningsih, K., Yhuwana, Y.G.Y., Zulkarnaen, M., Djamal, M., Meilano, I., Evita, M., Aminah, N.S., Srigutomo, W., Setiawan, A., Darmawan, H., Suyanto, I., Wahyudi, Suryanto, W., Putra, H., Irzaman, Perdinan, Harun, S.W., Detection of seismograph signal using fiber bundle sensor (2020) Optik, 208, art. no. 164554, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164554
18. Kumalasari, R., Srigutomo, W., Djamal, M., Meilano, I., Evita, M., Gunawan, H., Location of Sinabung volcano magma chamber on 2013 using simulated annealing inversion scheme (2019) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1321 (3), art. no. 032120, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1321/3/032120
19. Aji Hapsoro, C., Srigutomo, W., Purqon, A., Warsa, 3-D Modeling of Layered Earth Structure in the Geothermal Systems Using Time Domain Electromagnetics (TDEM) Method (2019) IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 318 (1), art. no. 012015, DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/318/1/012015
20. Hafidz, M., Srigutomo, W., Sule, R., Determination of Geological Strike Based on Magnetotelluric’s Polar Diagram and Geological Condition in Tangkuban Parahu’s Geothermal Area (2019) IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 318 (1), art. no. 012047, DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/318/1/012047
21. Imaduddi, I., Srigutomo, W., Mustopa, E.J., Development of Data Acquisition Instrumentation and Inversion System for Earth Resistivity Survey in a Smart Integrated System (2019) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204 (1), art. no. 012122, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012122
22. Hapsoro, C.A., Srigutomo, W., Purqon, A., 3-D Modeling of Time Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) Method to Analyze the Layered Earth Structure in the Geothermal Systems (2019) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204 (1), art. no. 012043, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012043
23. Agustine, E., Dimawani, I.D., Fitriani, D., Pambudi, T.D., Srigutomo, W., Fajar, S.J., Trimadona, Preliminary Study on Electrical Properties of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils at an Artisanal Oil Field in Central Java, Indonesia (2019) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204 (1), art. no. 012041, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012041
24. Putra, A.S., Sukono, Srigutomo, W., Hidayat, Y., Lesmana, E., A Comparative Study of Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm Method in Bayesian Framework to the 2D-Gravity Data Inversion (2019) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1204 (1), art. no. 012079, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1204/1/012079
25. Febrina, M., Satria, E., Djamal, M., Srigutomo, W., Liess, M., Development of a simple CO2 sensor based on the thermal conductivity detection by a thermopile (2019) Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 133, pp. 139-144. DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2018.09.082
26. Srigutomo, W., Anwar, H., Agustine, E., Mahardika, H., Three-dimensional dc resistivity modeling using galerkin finite element method composed by tetrahedral elements (2019) Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 51 (4), pp. 516-536. DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.4.5
27. Srigutomo, W., Heriyanto, M., Hilmi Aufa, M., Gravity inversion of talwani model using very fast simulated annealing (2019) Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences, 51 (2), pp. 177-190.DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2019.51.2.7
28. Putra, A.S., Alam, I.S., Sukono, Srigutomo, W., Bon, A.T., Numerical simulation of finite difference Time Domain (FDTD) for solving the boundary value problem (BVP) in Earth Layer (2019) Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 2019 (MAR), pp. 2160-2168.
29. Sampurno, J., Apriyansyah, Adriat, R., Srigutomo, W., Fractal analysis of land surface temperature for geothermal and non-geothermal sites characterization (2018) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1028 (1), art. no. 012198, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1028/1/012198
30. Kumalasari, R., Srigutomo, W., Djamal, M., Meilano, I., Gunawan, H., Location of Sinabung volcano magma chamber on 2013 using lavenberg-marquardt inversion scheme (2018) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1013 (1), art. no. 012182, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1013/1/012182
31. Srigutomo, W., Handayani, G., Pribadi, A.R., Nugraha, A.M., Investigation of 1D shear wave velocity profile using the spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method: Case study at West Park ITB Campus, Bandung, Indonesia (2018) ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 13 (6), pp. 2096-2107.
32. Hapsoro, C.A., Srigutomo, W., Purqon, A., 3-D time domain electromagnetic (TDEM) modeling to analyze resistivity distribution in the geothermal system (2018) 80th EAGE Conference and Exhibition 2018: Opportunities Presented by the Energy Transition, DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.201801693
33. Saepuzaman, D., Srigutomo, W., Nugraha, M.G., Cililin landslide process modelling using lumped mass model (2017) Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 25 (S), pp. 23-34.
34. Nugraha, M.G., Kirana, K.H., Srigutomo, W., Saepuzaman, D., Hapsoro, C.A., Septiyanto, R.F., The prediction of rockfall run-out using CRSP 3D: A case study at Gunung Batu, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia (2017) Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 25 (S), pp. 47-56.
35. Heriyanto, M., Srigutomo, W., 1-D DC Resistivity Inversion Using Singular Value Decomposition and Levenberg-Marquardt’s Inversion Schemes (2017) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 877 (1), art. no. 012066, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012066
36. Hapsoro, C.A., Purqon, A., Srigutomo, W., Preliminary Study of 2-D Time Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) Modeling to Analyze Subsurface Resistivity Distribution and its Application to the Geothermal Systems (2017) Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 877 (1), art. no. 012070, DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012070
37. Ratih Kumalasari, Wahyu Srigutomo, Mitra Djamal, Location and Pressures Change Prediction of Bromo Volcano Magma Chamber Using Inversion Scheme, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 846 (2017) 012002 doi :10.1088/1742-6596/846/1/012002
38. Joko Sampurno, Apriansyah, Riza Adriat, Irfana Diah Faryuni, Wahyu Srigutomo, Application of Implicit Finite Difference Method to Determine the 2D Patterns of Unsteady State Thermal Spreading of Geothermal Systems, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 877 (2017) 012012 doi :10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012012
39. Enjang Jaenal Mustopa, Nurhasan, Wahyu Srigutomo, and Doddy Sutarno, Resistivtiy Structure in Tangkuban Parahu Area Drived from CSAMT Data, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 877, (2017) 012055, doi :10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012055
40. Heriyanto and W. Srigutomo, 1-D DC Resistivity Inversion Using Singular Value Decomposition and Levenberg-Marquardt’s Inversion Schemes, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 877, (2017) 012066, doi :10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012066
41. Cahyo Aji Hapsoro, Acep Purqon, and Wahyu Srigutomo, Preliminary Study of 2-D Time Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) Modeling to Analyze Subsurface Resistivity Distribution and its Application to the Geothermal Systems, IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 877, (2017) 012070, doi :10.1088/1742-6596/877/1/012070
42. Djamal, W. Indrasari, Ramli, W. Srigutomo, “Detection of Magnetic Material in Soil Subsurface Using Electromagnetic Induction Method Based on Fluxgate Sensor”, Key Engineering Materials, 675-676, (2016) 494-500, DOI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.675-676.494
43. Wahyu Srigutomo, Trimadona and Prihandhanu M. Pratomo, 2D Resistivity and Induced Polarization Measurement for Manganese Ore Exploration, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012138 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012138
44. Wahyu Srigutomo, Trimadona and Eleonora Agustine, Investigation of Underground Hydrocarbon Leakage using Ground Penetrating Radar, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012137 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012137
45. Ratih Kumalasari and Wahyu Srigutomo, Location and Pressures Change Prediction of Bromo Volcano Magma Chamber Using Inversion Scheme Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012102 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012102
46. Muhammad Zukir and Wahyu Srigutomo, Two dimension magnetotelluric modeling using finite element method, incomplete lu preconditioner and biconjugate gradient stabilized technique, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012088 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012088
47. Ni Ketut Lasmi, Alamta Singarimbun and Wahyu Srigutomo, The Increasing of Air and Biogas Mixer Instrument for Generating Friendly Environmental Electricity Power, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012090 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012090Mimin Iryanti, Wahyu Srigutomo, Satria Bijaksana and Tedy Setiawan, Combined DC Resistivity Survey and Electric Conductivity- Dielectric Permittivity Measurement at Sag Pond near Lembang Fault, West Java, Indonesia, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012079 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012079
48. Joko Sampurno, Irfana Diah Faryuni, Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief and Wahyu Srigutomo, Complexity Analysis of Peat Soil Density Distribution, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012071 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012071
49. H Hamdi, A M Qausar and W Srigutomo, CSAMT Data Processing with Source Effect and Static Corrections, Application of Occam’s Inversion, and Its Application in Geothermal System, Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012057 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012057
50. Elsi Ariani and Wahyu Srigutomo, 1D and 2D Occam’s Inversion of Magnetotelluric Data Applied in Volcano-Geothermal Area In Central Java, Indonesia, . Phys.: Conf. Ser.739 (2016) 012036 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/739/1/012036
51. Indrasari, M. Djamal, W. Srigutomo, G. Handayani, N. Hadziqoh, Ramli, “Fluxgate Based Detection of Magnetic Material in Soil Subsurface”, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 771, (2015) 55-58. DOI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.771.55
52. Wahyu Srigutomo,Trimadona, Rocky Martakusumah and Hairil Anwar, Modeling and inversion of volcanic surface deformation based on Mogi model and McTigue model, AIP Conf. Proc. 1656, 070016 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917162
53. Widyaningrum Indrasari, Wahyu Srigutomo,Mitra Djamaland Rahmondia N. S., Development of an AC power source for CSEM method using full-bridge switching configuration, AIP Conf. Proc.1656, 040008 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917115
54. Suprijadi, R. Pambudi, M. Woran, C. F Naaand W. Srigutomo,Developing stereo image based robot control system, AIP Conf. Proc.1656, 040011 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917118
55. Rocky Martakusumahand Wahyu Srigutomo,Comparison of 1D magnetotelluric inversion using Levenberg-Marquardt and Occam’s inversion schemes, AIP Conf. Proc. 1656, 070014 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917160
56. Rita Sulistyowati, Rizal Kurniadiand Wahyu Srigutomo,Stability analysis of predator-prey model on the case of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions, AIP Conf. Proc.1677, 050019 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930680
57. Joko Sampurnoand Wahyu Srigutomo,Fractal analysis of microstructure of peat soil, AIP Conf. Proc. 1656, 070004 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917150
58. Angga Bakti Pratamaand Wahyu Srigutomo,Modeling of hydrological drawdown caused by pumping for unconfined, confined, and half-confined aquifers, AIP Conf. Proc. 1656, 070015 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4917161
59. Anggie Susilawatiand Wahyu Srigutomo,Forward modeling of magnetotelluric transverse electric mode with topography using finite element method, AIP Conf. Proc. 1677, 060016 (2015); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930696
60. Widyaningrum Indrasari, Mitra Djamal, Wahyu Srigutomo, Gunawan Handayani, Nur Hadziqoh, Ramli, Fluxgate Based Detection of Magnetic Material in Soil Subsurface, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 771, (2015), 55-58.
61. Indrasari, M. Djamal, W. Srigutomo, N. Hadziqoh, “High Sensitivity Fluxgate Sensor for Detection of AC Magnetic Field: Equipment for Characterization of Magnetic Material in Subsurface”, Advanced Materials Research, 896, (2014) 718-721. DOI 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.896.718
62. Widyaningrum Indrasari, Mitra Djamal, Wahyu Srigutomo, Ramli, A Magnetic Distance Sensor with High Sensitivity Based on Double Secondary Coil of Fluxgate, IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), Vol. 2, Issue 5 (Nov.-Dec. 2012), PP 29-35.
63. Mohammad, I.H., Srigutomo, D. Sutarno, P. Soemintadiredja , Full Solution Modeling of 1D Controlled- Source Audio-Magnetoteluric (CSAMT) Responses, ITB Journal of Sciences (submitted), 50, 117-123, 2012.
64. Khairurrijal, Eko Widiatmoko, Wahyu Srigutomo and Neny Kurniasih, Measurement of gravitational acceleration using a computer microphone port,  2012, Phys. Educ. 47 709 doi:10.1088/0031-9120/47/6/709
65. Mohammad, I.H., Srigutomo, D. Sutarno, P. Soemintadiredja, The Modeling of 2D Controlled Source Audio Magnetotelluric (CSAMT) Responses Using Finite Element Method., Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 4:7, 294-304.,19,3:1-7, 2011
66. Wahyu Srigutomo, Candra E. Novana, Alamta Singarimbun, Eleonora Agustine, Deny Juanda Puradimaja, Adhitya S. Sunarya, Prihandhanu M. Pratomo, Anggie Susilawati, 2010, Self Potential Modeling for Investigation of Shallow Structure in Volcanic Region: a Study Case at Domas Crater, Tangkuban Parahu Volcano, West Java, Indonesian Journal of Physics, 21(2), pp. 29-39.
67. Wahyu Srigutomo, Muhammad R. Arkanuddin, Prihandhanu M. Pratomo, Eka. C. Novana, Rena D. Agustina, 2010, Development of Mathematical Model of Vibration Sensor Based on Fluxgate Magnetic Sensor, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1325, 164-167.
68. Sitti Balkis, Wahyu Srigutomo, and Sparisoma Viridi, 2010, Modeling Simple Experiment Apparatus in Measuring Speaker Vibration Amplitude using Laser Beam and Mirror,Proceeding of Conference on Mathematics and Natural Sciences 2010, 23-25 November 2010, Bandung, Indonesia.
69. Huliselan, E.K., Bijaksana, S., Srigutomo, W., Kardena, E., 2010, Scanning electron microscopy and magnetic characterization of iron oxides in solid waste landfill leachate, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 179(1-3), 701-708.